Jesus Rises and the Church Begins

Lesson 3: The Last Supper and the New Covenant

In an upper room in Jerusalem, Jesus shares the Passover meal with his disciples, breaks bread, pours the cup, and establishes the new covenant in his blood.

Luke 22:7 to 22:23 Jesus gave his body and blood for our redemption, establishing a new covenant of grace and forgiveness. Understand the meaning of the bread and cup established by Jesus. Learn how the Passover pointed forward to Jesus as the ultimate Lamb of God. Appreciate the privilege of remembering Jesus' sacrifice in the Lord's Supper. On the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread, Jesus gathered his twelve disciples in a furnished upper room in [Jerusalem](/bible/explorer/place/jerusalem) to eat the Passover before his suffering. Preparing the Passover The day came when the Passover lamb had to be sacrificed. Jesus sent Peter and John into the city, telling them: 'A man carrying a jar of water will meet you. Follow him into the house he enters, and ask the master: Where is the guest room where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?' They found everything just as Jesus had foretold, and prepared the Passover meal in a large furnished upper room. This Is My Body Given for You When the hour came, Jesus sat at table with the apostles and said: 'I have earnestly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer.' Taking a loaf of unleavened bread, Jesus gave thanks to the Father, broke it, and gave it to them saying: 'This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.' The broken bread pointed to the physical sacrifice he would soon endure. The Cup of the New Covenant In the same way after supper, Jesus took the cup of wine and said: 'This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood.' Under the old covenant, blood of sacrificial lambs covered sin temporarily. But Jesus was establishing the new covenant, where his own sinless blood would pay for human sin once and for all, granting eternal reconciliation. And he took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying, This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me. Luke 22:19 What did the broken bread represent at the Last Supper? The wealth of Solomon Jesus' body given for us Manna in the desert The dust of the earth Jesus' body given for us Jesus said, 'This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.' What did the cup of wine represent? The wine of royalty The new covenant in Jesus' blood poured out for forgiveness A promise of rain The celebration of harvest The new covenant in Jesus' blood poured out for forgiveness Jesus declared that the cup represents the new covenant in his blood, poured out for sinners. Why do believers continue to celebrate the Lord's Supper today? To show off their clothes To remember Jesus' death and sacrifice until he comes Because it is required by law To satisfy physical hunger To remember Jesus' death and sacrifice until he comes Believers partake of the bread and cup in faithful remembrance of Jesus' finished work on the cross. Take quiet moments during worship this week to thank Jesus specifically for giving his life to rescue you from sin. Lord Jesus, thank you for the new covenant established through your body and your blood. May we never forget the depth of your sacrifice for our salvation. Amen. How does the Lord's Supper help us remember what Jesus did for us? What does it mean to have a new covenant of grace through Jesus' blood? Teach students the sacred significance of the Lord's Supper as the new covenant in Christ's blood. Show a piece of bread and explain how food nourishes our body, while Jesus nourishes our soul. Is communion actual body and blood? Explain that the bread and cup are sacred symbols that represent Jesus' real sacrifice on the cross. 5 minutes hook, 15 minutes teaching, 10 minutes questions, 10 minutes prayer.